The Charmed Circle By Rubin Essay - 1572 Words

Question Four The charmed circle explained by Rubin is a system that illustrates that â€Å"sexuality that is ‘good,’ ‘normal,’ and ‘natural’ should ideally be heterosexual, marital, monogamous, reproductive, and non-commercial† (1984:101). Therefore any other sex act that goes against the charmed circle is deemed as negative or bad to society. Essentially the charmed circle is a structure of how cultures evaluate sexual acts. The system of the charmed circle violates the standards of fairness, or the American ideals discussed in previous lectures. Key components of American ideology illustrates that the system allows for social arrangement, individual liberty, and attaining potential freedom (Walden 2016). In this, creating a structure that limits people from fulfilling their freedom and respect it goes against the American ideals. Rubin also discusses that all heterosexual experiences, whether pleasurable or not, is considered a good encounter (1984: 101). For instance, if a man were to force a woman to have sex with him this would be considered a good encounter even though law would constitute it as rape. This is another example of the charmed circle violating American ideals due to the system not recognizing unwanted heterosexual experiences as negative. On the other hand, democratic morality evaluates sexual behavior â€Å"by the way partners treat one another, the level of mutual consideration, the presence or absence of coercion, and the quantity and quality of the pleasureShow MoreRelatedThe Charmed Circle873 Words   |  4 Pagesidea of the â€Å"charmed circle†. Referring to sexuality Rubin begins to illustrate her idea of the â€Å"charmed circle† by challenging sexual essentialism (the idea that sex is a natural force) by saying that it is or can be socially created and that it is not transhistorical or eternally unchanging. This idea of the â€Å"charmed circle† creates certain ideas of femininity through advertising and movies, and puts great pressure and impact of the lives of people who do not fall into the â€Å"circle†. In this paperRead MoreAlthough Love May Concern The Intimate And Micro-Level1305 Words   |  6 Pagesand a woman,† underscoring the ways in which LGBT communities ar e systematically left out of the conventional family structure, and by extension, marriage. The exclusion of these marginalized communities through policies exemplify Gayle Rubin’s â€Å"charmed circle,† which denote the â€Å"othering† of unconventional sexualities and sexual acts. By combining Rubin’s intersectional framework and the idea of a â€Å"postmodern family,† the Philippine Family Code can be deconstructed to reveal the organization of systemsRead MoreTelevision s Impact On America s Society Essay838 Words   |  4 Pagesabout sexuality argued by Gayle Rubin in her â€Å"The Charmed Circle† she wrote about in her â€Å"Thinking Sex† essay. Rubin categorizes the forms of sexuality into the ‘good’ and the ‘bad’. In the ‘inner circle, signify ‘acceptable’ types of sex such as heterosexual, reproductive, marriage and private. On the other hand, the ‘outer circle’ symb olizes ‘abnormal’ types of sexuality such as homosexual, promiscuous, and unmarried. (middlebury.edu/sexandsociety/files/2015/01/Rubin-Thinking-Sex.pdf) The two classificationsRead MoreNew Orleans : A Controversial Theory Of The Politics Of Sexuality Essay1768 Words   |  8 PagesVitter, who just unsuccessfully ran for governor of the Bayou State. Marked with three prostitute scandals, he was unable to win the trust of Louisiana. But why is it that a sexual scandal can leave such political destruction in its path? Gayle Rubin offers an answer in their text, â€Å"Thinking Sex: Notes for a Radical Theory of the Politics of Sexuality. Due to Vitter s position of political power, he was societally expected to strictly follow sexual conduct. By failing to do so, he lost the trustRead MoreThe American Civil War : Censorship And The Passage Of Time1603 Words   |  7 Pagessoldiers visited brothels, polite society shunned prostitution. The application of Gayle Rubin ’s â€Å"Charmed Circle† can be useful in understanding the ways in which prostitution existed as a form of queer sexuality within the context of the Civil War. The sex had by prostitutes, for example, was had for money, occurred between unmarried individuals for non-procreative reasons, and was inherently promiscuous (Rubin, 454). All of these factors discredited sex workers and labeled them deviant and expendableRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesincluding those standing behind the counter at local stores. And these stores could be close, even across the street or down the block from each other. Alas, by 2008 as an economic downturn hit the country, Starbucks’s fortunes worsened and its charmed growth path became rocky. HOWARD SCHULTZ Howard Schultz rose from humble beginnings in Brooklyn. He was a quarterback at Canarsie High, a school so poor it didn’t even have a football field. Northern Michigan University offered him a football

Essay about Motivation Theory in Business - 2189 Words

A simple game of bingo, if analyzed closely, can be shown to be a tedious task consisting of a repetitive action that occurs after being prompted by a repetitive stimulus. The skill level needed to make that action is low, and the variability in the rules of the game rarely changes. This game is not unlike many of the jobs that can be classified as having low motivational potential scores (Hackman, et al). So why do people not only enjoy playing games like bingo, but actually pay money to have the pleasure? The answer directly points to the motivating factors of monetary rewards and recognition which are provided on a variable-ratio schedule. Motivation by reinforcement (Miller). There are many theories regarding motivation with the most†¦show more content†¦Also, studies demonstrate that different workers are motivated by different factors be them intrinsic or extrinsic. Centers and Bugental’s studies on intrinsic and extrinsic job motivation among different segments of the working population, show that while skilled workers are motivated the intrinsic rewards of their employment, lesser skilled workers in jobs that are deemed routine were motivated by extrinsic factors such as incentives and bonuses. This fact can be reaffirmed by analyzing union contacts and job descriptions in an industry like the steel industry. Employees who have routine jobs or jobs that have little in the way of decision making are often provided high monetary incentives based on productivity and quality. These ideas do not discount the work of Herzberg and Maslow, but instead show that as needs progress up the hierarchy ladder, focus must be made on what a manager should do to provide their workers with what they lack, an increasingly difficult task that have influenced the motivational theories of job enrichment (Hackman, et al. 1975). Job enrichment efforts have proven somewhat successful in improving performance and attitude amongst employees. Job enrichment theories are analogous to why people enjoy games so much. M.Show MoreRelatedBusiness Management : Motivation Theories Analysis Paper1384 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Management (Motivation Theories Analysis Paper) By Ethan Cole Table of Contents Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1.0 Motivation Types†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.2.0 Motivational Theories†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.....2.1 Investigation into Workplace Satisfaction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3.0 Evaluation of Performance Pay / Recommendation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4.0 Appendix†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5.0 Appendix†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5Read MorePersonal Statement : Motivation Theories That Exist Within A Business Or An Organization1294 Words   |  6 Pagesdynamics that exist within a business or an organization, some of these topics were significant to me and some were not. For this paper, I have chosen to highlight motivation, cultural awareness, leadership, and change because these four issues are the most frequent issues that I face regularly in my leadership position. One of the challenges that have interested me for a long time is how to motivate the people who work for me. Prior to doing my first paper on motivation, I believed that money isRead MoreMotivation, The, Health, And Wellness Company Essay1602 Words   |  7 Pages2.5 motivational internal - Charlotte Cowie Motivation is the will to work. This comes from the enjoyment of the work itself and/or from the desire to achieve certain goals. There are many ways in which a manager goes about increasing motivation to improve many aspects of the business such as efficiency. My chosen business to study is Nestle. Nestle is the world s leading Nutrition, Health and Wellness company. Nestlà © New Zealand is a subsidiary of Nestlà © SA, www.nestle.com. Within the New ZealandRead MoreDavid Mcclelland And His Achievement Theory1199 Words   |  5 Pageshis Achievement Motivation Theory, also commonly referred to as Need Achievement Theory, and its relationship to leadership and motivation within business. Furthermore, this manuscript will observe material from various fields as it correlates to the overarching principle of leadership and motivation within business management. Throughout the course of Management 321: Leadership and Motivation, various theories were reviewed surrounding the subjects o f both leadership and motivation, their interrelatednessRead MoreHr Theories of Motivation1667 Words   |  7 Pages1. Introduction The companies’ leaders can improve their business by investing in development new products or services, improvement product or service quality, and enhancement marketing and sales. Another possible investment is improving the way a company manages its people – tends to receive less attention. Human Resource Management is very important for business as it involves a variety of activities that deal with the ‘human side of organisation’ (Griffiths and Wall, 2005). ArmstrongRead MoreEmployee Work Motivation 1386 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant to an organization, because work motivation relates to the performance of employees and their behaviour towards the organization (Katzell Thompson, 1990). â€Å"Managers see motivation as an integral part of the performance equation at all levels, while researchers see it as a fundamental building block in the development of useful theories of effective management practice (Steers, Mowday, Shapiro, 2004, p. 379)à ¢â‚¬ . In this study the role of work motivation of prospective employees played a centralRead MoreTheories of Motivation Concepts Table1503 Words   |  6 Pages1) Choose one of the theories from the Motivation Concepts Table and describe how this theory would and would not be applicable if applied to two or more workplace situations drawn from your personal experience. Motivation has become a term as ubiquitous as it is undefinable. What exactly is motivation and how is it used to achieve a desired result? In many circumstances, individuals are motivated by different aspects at different times in their lives. Compounding this issue further are the environmentalRead MoreWhy Do We Do What You Do?1508 Words   |  7 PagesMotivation can be defined as the commitment to do something to get closer to your goal (Gagn and Deci, 2005). However, in the perspective of a business it is the determination to work and the willingness to be productive. There are a variety of views on what motivates employees and leads them to their full potential and that has been the concern of theorists and entrepreneurs for the past century like Maslow, Herzberg, Elton Mayo and Fredrick Winslow Taylor. Many theories have been made to understandRead MoreStudent Motivation : Students Motivation991 Words   |  4 PagesSTUDENT MOTIVATION IN COLLEGE Motivation is defined as the acts or psychological processes that arouse and direct people’s goal-directed behavior (Kinicki Williams, 2012) and that drives them to the expenditure of effort to accomplish results (DuBrin, 2008, cited in Williams Williams, 2011); seen that way, motivation is inherent to the human being and of complete necessity in order to realize any endeavor. It’s pertinent to cite H. W. Beecher who said: â€Å"God made man to go by motives, and he willRead MoreHerzberg s Motivation Hygiene Theory891 Words   |  4 PagesInstitute of CPA’s discussed the ideas of Herzberg s motivation-hygiene theory in regards to the future of American business, in the article Job attitudes: The motivation-hygiene theory. The purpose of the article is to show how the future of business in American needs to use Herzberg’s motivation-hygiene theory to not only as a motivational tool for their employees but to also survive a business organization. Boe poi nts out that Herzberg’s theory shows how man has the basic need to understand his

Australian Aboriginals

Question: Discuss about theAustralian Aboriginals. Answer: Introduction: Over an extended period of time, the Aboriginal and Torres Strait people in Australia have been undergoing varied social, cultural, economic, and political among other forms of discrimination. Endeavours to thwart these mistreatments have achieved fewer results because statistics still portray how rampant they are. This paper seeks to explore the poor outcomes of health experienced by the indigenous people, the social determinants of their health, an explanation of two of the discussed determinants and finally a discussion of some of the ways that nurses can employ to address the social determinants as a promotion of general health and wellbeing. 1. The poor health outcomes experienced by the indigenous people of Australia are numerous. They range from disability, deaths, high incidence of diseases like cancer, infectious ones, diabetes and those of the cardiovascular system. First off, death is the most unfortunate outcome that bedevils these people. They are way higher likely to die compared to the non-indigenous Australians. Statistics have it that an indigenous boy who is born between 2010 and 2012 is likely to live up to 69 years of age. This finding is ten years below the non-indigenous boy. In addition to that, a girl under similar circumstances likely lives up to 74 years of age, again, ten years below the non-indigenous counterpart. The federal government records indicate that there were 2,914 deaths in the year 2014 among the Australian indigenous people (Gwynne Lincoln, 2016). These deaths are mostly associated with cardiovascular diseases, injuries which include suicide and accidents and cancer. In a study done in 2012, around a quarter of the total indigenous population had at least a disability. This ratio is the highest amongst all the populations in Australia and also among all the age groups. The children of the aboriginals aged between 0 and 14 years have twice as high chances of developing disabilities compared to those of the non-originals. Additionally, the entire population of the indigenous and the Torres Strait people have an elevated rate of needing assistance standing at 63% as compared to the non-indigenous populations at 60%. The disabilities are attributed to oppression, poor health behaviours like smoking and alcoholism, brutality from the police departments and the general discrimination in medical response and attention (Hutt Clarke, 2012). Communicable diseases are rampant in these population, and they influence the health outcome. The notifications on tuberculosis among the indigenous people were 11 times higher than the others between the years 2009 and 2013 ("RANZCP calls for recognition of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders", 2015). Hepatitis is also rampant among the aboriginals with notifications being eight times more in between 2010 and 2014. Haemophilus influenza had 13 times notifications among the aboriginals in 2009 and 2010. The invasive pneumococcal disease was very high among adults with fifty years and above, also in children below four years. The rates were 18 times greater for the aboriginals between 25 and 49 years of age. In 2014, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) also had a high incidence among Indigenous Australians than their nonindigenous counterparts. It was 18 times greater for gonorrhoea and three times for syphilis and chlamydia. For HIV, the diagnosis rates among the aboriginals we re 1.6 times higher than the nonindigenous population (Brown et al., 2014). Heart diseases, cancer, and diabetes, are also the poor outcomes of health among the indigenous people. One-eighth of their total population (about 13 %) gave reports that they at least suffered some form of cardiovascular disease. One in every 28 people has had stroke, heart or another vascular condition. In total, 6% of the total indigenous population have hypertension that is confirmed. Therefore, the figure could be higher with the inclusion of the unconfirmed cases (Brown et al., 2014). The incidences of cancer in this population is very high. Lung cancer was 1.7 times greater, 1.6 times for uterine cancer in 2005 and 2009. It is also reported that 9% of the total indigenous population have diabetes, and 202 deaths were witnessed in 2013 (Stoneman, Atkinson, Davey, Marley, 2014). The mentioned are among the few poor health outcomes experienced by the Aboriginal and the Torres Strait peoples of Australia. 2.The social determinants of health can be categorised as contextual, distal and proximal. Contextual determinants are related to historical, global and regional ideologies, laws and treaties. Among them is colonialism, dispossession and racially motivated legislation and regulations. Since the arrival of the British in 1788, the original inhabitants of Australia have been subjected to a lot of tribulations. Colonisation is one of the social determinants. As a result, the settlers grabbed their arable lands, killed many of their families, ousted their leadership and policies were projected to disadvantage these people completely. In other words, the invasion and settlement marked the inception of the indigenous population's problems that have extended to the contemporary society. Colonialism influenced many systems among them health (Walter, 2016). Dispossession promoted poverty and inaccessibility to appropriate resources. Currently, it has affected the way health care is dispensed to the aboriginals. Legislation like the 1838 policy by the British was turned around to oppress the indigenous people further. Distal determinants are those that are institutionally or legally structured. Some of them are inequality to accessing healthcare, unemployment, increased rates of incarceration and low social and economic status. Unemployment marks poor economic situation and hence the inability to settle health bills. Poor access to health care promotes poor outcomes like death and disability. Increased rates of incarceration encourage overcrowding in prisons and consequent spread of communicable diseases (White, 2014). Finally, the proximal determinants are those that operate at interpersonal and individual levels. They are numerous, for instance, stereotyping, prejudice, associated effects of unhealthy behaviour and other negative attitudes. For example, smoking and alcoholism. They are rampant in aboriginal populations and influence the health outcomes like developing cancer and eventual death. Stereotyping the aboriginals as being unlearned, weak, alcoholic and unimportant has contributed to mistreatment in health institutions thus dimming the health outcomes (Hoy et al., 2012). 3. The two selected social health determinants are racism and social disadvantages. Racism against the Aboriginal and Torres Strait people has consistently been exercised with their description as the most outside group of the entire Australian population. Racism was established in two phases. Phase one was during the arrival of the first British fleet where warfare and forced labour were used. The second wave is the era after a referendum which has been orchestrated till modern days. In both phases, institutional racism was witnessed. Health workers discriminate the indigenous people; educational centres deny them access to wisdom and other mixed forms. For instance, Derbarl Yerrigan, an indigenous medical services centre was fined for spending beyond 8 million dollars of an annual budget. Furthermore, teaching hospitals were sentenced for using extra 80 million on aboriginal people. Racism causes poor health through chronic stress, poor coping. In a 2009 study on 823 schoolers, the impact of racism on wellbeing was rampant among the indigenous population (Hoy et al., 2012). Social disadvantages have also contributed to oppression. Higher rates of unemployment, overcrowding, high levels of incarceration, unhealthy behaviours, poverty, and others have influenced poor health outcomes. For instance, 78% of the total indigenous population live in poorly established houses. 23% of them live in congested areas. In 2011, 19% used to live below poverty line. 13% are more likely to be incarcerated than the others. Poverty is one of the major contributions to poor health outcomes. These social problems have reduced the rates of improving Aboriginal and Torres Strait populations' livelihoods (Heath Jeffery, 2014). 4. Since they operate at the community level, nurses have a higher chance of creating a difference in the influence that the social determinants have on health. Closing the Gap initiative has been spearheaded by the government and non-governmental organisations to improve the indigenous peoples problems. Nurses can promote public awareness on the injustices through the media and inform people that they interact with, like colleagues. Furthermore, they can honestly deliver nursing care to the oppressed group and motivate them. The ability for nurses to innovate means of fighting racism can be useful. Nurses can also participate in the development of guidelines, strategies, and policies that promote equal treatment of the Torres Strait and Aboriginal populations. The process of acquiring knowledge should be constant for a nurse. They should look for historical, research, motivational, law, ethical and other forms of information. These details can help a nurse motivate change. They can also engage in researches that give quality recommendations on health care of the indigenous populations. Attaining cultural competence to help in solving the social problems can be useful for nurses. They can develop on the strengths of the aboriginals. Again, nurses can be steadfast in criticising the governments, individuals, and fellow health workers to treat aboriginals with respect. Above all, the employment of ethical principles like beneficence can promote good life and eliminate the social determinants effects (Chapman, Duggan, Combs, 2012). Adopting the agent of change character is meaningful because many flaws in health care of the Torres Strait and aboriginal people of Australia will be eliminated. Nurses are key in fostering meaningful health inter ventions. In conclusion, the Aboriginal and Torres Strait peoples have had problems of accessing good health care, education, employment and others through social determinants. They are categorised into three, the proximal like prejudice, stereotyping and poor health behaviours, distal like inequality, unemployment, and high incarceration rates and finally contextual, such as colonialism and oppression. Also, nurses can play a significant role in alleviating the effects of these determinants. For instance, through research, advocacy, knowledge, motivation, demonstrations among others. Bibliography Alex, O., Brown, A., Mott, K., Brown, K., Lawson, T., Jennings, G. (2014). O005 Essential Service Standards for Equitable National Cardiovascular CarE for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People An Exemplar Approach to Closing the Gap. Global Heart,9(1), e2. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gheart.2014.03.1225 Chapman, R., Duggan, R., Combs, S. (2012). Promoting Change and Improving Health by Enhancing Nurses' and Midwives' Knowledge, Ability and Confidence to Conduct Research through a Clinical Scholar Program in Western Australia. ISRN Nursing,2011, 1-9. https://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/245417 Gwynne, K. Lincoln, M. (2016). Developing the rural health workforce to improve Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health outcomes: a systematic review.Aust. Health Review. https://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah15241 Heath Jeffery, R. (2014). Infectious, social and environmental determinants of blindness in adult Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and other Australian populations. Clinical Experimental Ophthalmology,43(4), 392-394. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ceo.12432 Hoy, W., Davey, R., Sharma, S., Hoy, P., Smith, J., Kondalsamy-Chennakesavan, S. (2012).Chronic disease profiles in remote Aboriginal settings and implications for health service planning. Hutt, S. Clarke, A. (2012). Promoting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Cultural Support in Out-of-Home Care. Children Australia,37(02), 76-79. https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2012.16 Molloy, L. Grootjans, J. (2014). The Suggestions of Frantz Fanon and Culturally Safe Practices for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People in Australia. Issues In Mental Health Nursing,35(3), 207-211. https://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01612840.2013.855854 Parker, R. (2014). Dementia in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.Med J Aust,200(8), 435-436. https://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja14.00259 RANZCP calls for recognition of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders. (2015).Australasian Psychiatry,23(2), 195-195. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1039856215575427c Stoneman, A., Atkinson, D., Davey, M., Marley, J. (2014). Quality improvement in practice: improving diabetes care and patient outcomes in Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services. BMC Health Services Research,14(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-14-481 Walter, M. (2016). Social Exclusion/Inclusion for Urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People.SI,4(1), 68. https://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v4i1.443 Ward, J., Goller, J., Ali, H., Bowring, A., Couzos, S., Saunders, M. et al. (2014). Chlamydia among Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people attending sexual health services, general practices and Aboriginal community controlled health services. BMC Health Services Research,14(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-14-285 White, R. (2014). Indigenous Young People and Hyperincarceration in Australia.Youth Justice,15(3), 256-270. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473225414562293 Woollacott, A. (2015). A Radical's Career: Responsible government, settler colonialism, and Indigenous dispossession. Journal Of Colonialism And Colonial History,16(2). https://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cch.2015.0025

Was The Bombing Of Hiroshima Wrong Essays - Japan,

Was The Bombing Of Hiroshima Wrong? Michael Axt Mrs. Kwon/ Mrs. Crosby World Literature/ World History II May 3, 2000 Was the Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Wrong? On the morning of August 6, 1945, the first atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. One newspaper described the destruction as, ?Images of swirling fire, angry impressions of red and black, with angular figures turning to skeletons, primitive figures writhing in fury of ever-expanding death?(Stone 18). Three days later, the U.S. dropped another atomic bomb on the city of Nagasaki. Together these events marked the ending of World War II, and the downfall of Japan. Many people believe the United States made the right decision in dropping the atomic bombs on Japan. Even to this day there is a seemingly never-ending debate on whether this was the right decision. The United States should not have dropped the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki because both sides knew Japan was defeated before the bombs were dropped, the United States did not clarify the terms of the Potsdam Proclamation which would have led to Japan's surrender, and the bombs also caused unnecessary civilian casualties. The United States should not have dropped the bombs because Japan was already defeated, and both sides knew it. The air and sea blockade along with strategic bombing were two reasons that Japan was already defeated. The air and sea blockade was cutting off the Japanese supplies and important goods, while strategic bombing was devastating their many cities and populated areas. On July 8th, one month and two days before the first bomb was dropped, the Combined Intelligence Committee said that Japan was beginning to realize that they were defeated due to the air and sea blockade which was slowly cutting off their food and would eventually starve them to the point of surrender. On June 18, President Truman was informed that the air and sea power had already ?greatly reduced movement of Japanese shipping south of Korea, and that it should in the next few months cut it to a trickle, if not choke it off entirely?(A Guide To Gar Alperovitz's The Decision To Use The Atomic Bomb Part IV 6). Th e mass devastation of strategic bombing caused millions of the Japanese to lose their homes and had destroyed 25% to 50% of the densely populated areas of Japan's most important cities. The U.S. strategic bombing survey concluded that, ?In all probability, prior to November 1st, 1945, Japan would have surrendered even if the bombs had not been dropped, even if Russia had not entered the war, and even if no invasion had been planned or contemplated? (Alperovitz 645). The war department concluded that the Japanese leaders had already decided to surrender and were only looking for a good reason with which to convince the Die Hard Army Group that Japan had lost the war. Many people thought that if the Russians entered the war, the Japanese would quickly surrender. A meeting at the Japanese Supreme Counsel for the Direction of War, held on May 11, came to the conclusion that, ?It is clear that if the Soviets enter the war that Japan would be defeated, therefore Japan must do everything in their power to keep Russia out of the war?(A Guide To Gar Alperovitz's The Decision To Use The Atomic Bomb Part I 4). A recent study by the Joint Intelligence Committee shows that the Japanese political leaders recognized defeat and decided to surrender long before the bomb, but they were unable to convince the Die Hard Army Group that Japan had lost the war and must surrender. Another document from the Joint Intelligence Committee said that Russia's entry into the war in August would and should have convinced the Japanese military leaders that they had no other choice but to surrender. After Joseph Stalin confirmed his entry into the war, President Truman wrote in his diary, ?Most of the big points are settled. He'll be in the Jap war on August 15. Fini Japs when that comes about?(A Guide To Gar Alperovitz's The Decision To Use The Atomic Bomb Part III 3). This statement shows the confidence of the Americans regarding the easy defeat of the Japanese. It also makes it clear that Russia's involvement